According to Erikson, what is the stage of emotional development for children aged 18 months to 3.5 years?

The stage of emotional development for children aged 18 months to 3.5 years is characterized by the conflict of autonomy versus shame and doubt. During this period, children are beginning to assert their independence and explore their abilities. They learn to make choices and want to do things for themselves, such as dressing, feeding, and toileting.

When children are encouraged to be independent and are supported in their efforts, they develop a sense of autonomy. Conversely, if they are overly controlled or not allowed to explore their capabilities, they may experience feelings of shame and doubt about their abilities. This sense of autonomy is crucial as it forms the foundation for confidence and self-image as the child matures.

Understanding this stage is vital for caregivers and educators as it informs their approach to encouraging independence in young children while providing a safe and supportive environment for exploration.